Note that in 10:1 we have the “12 disciples,” and then in 10:2 we have the “12 apostles.” I think that helps us to make a certain distinction between the Twelve and us. The term apostle means “one who is sent,” and can be used as a title on occasion (Acts 13:2). But most often it seems to be used to describe an office: i.e. someone who fulfills a very distinct and specialized role. There seem to be two unique qualifications for those who fulfill the office of apostle. First, they have seen the risen Lord:
1 Corinthians 9:1 (WEB) “Am I not free? Am I not an apostle? Haven’t I seen Jesus Christ, our Lord? Aren’t you my work in the Lord?”
Acts 1:21-22 (WEB) “Of the men therefore who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out amongst us, beginning from the baptism of John to the day that he was received up from us, of these one must become a witness with us of his resurrection.”
And second, they must display the signs of an apostle:
Corinthians 12:12 (WEB) “Truly the signs of an apostle were worked amongst you in all perseverance, in signs and wonders and mighty works.”
Therefore, I believe that the apostolic office was time and situation specific. Revelation 21:14 also seems to support the idea that the Twelve were special and fulfilled a specific role:
Revelation 21:14 (WEB) “The wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve Apostles of the Lamb.”
While the apostles may have been special, we are all called to be disciples. And although this passage contains much that relates to the specific mission of the Twelve (both immediately and perhaps into the era recorded by the book of Acts), there are specific truths that apply to all disciples:
- All disciples are to share the gospel.
- All disciples are to rely on the Spirit.
- All disciples should expect persecution.
And regarding that persecution, Matthew 10:23 causes a lot of discussion and consternation! “For most certainly I tell you, you will not have gone through the cities of Israel until the Son of Man has come.” Does this refer to then? Does it refer to the end times? Has it happened? Are we still waiting for it? How are we to understand this verse?
One way that people interpret this verse is to speculate that Jesus might not be talking about His literal return, but the “Son of Man has come” may be a description of the coming judgment of God, and that judgment fell on Israel in A.D. 70 when Jerusalem and the temple were destroyed. The book of Acts would then be seen as fulfilling the description of events in Matthew 10:16-20.
However, I believe there may be a better way to understand it, if we allow for Jesus’ words to be a little figurative rather than strictly literal. He may be speaking to His disciples in a way that would mean something to them then, but in reality also providing hope and encouragement to all His disciples in all ages. He says, “People will dislike you. They will betray you. They may even hate you! You will have to give an account of your faith before authorities. The Spirit will guide you! You will face pain, persecution, and death, but God is with you and cares about you. Continue to witness. Members of your own family will even turn against you. Don’t be afraid of them. Don’t give into them! Some with believe. Some will even be helpful. Be faithful, because I am coming back!“
Thought for the day: Denying Jesus is a big deal. Are you willing to be His witness?
Matthew 10:38-39 (WEB) “He who doesn’t take his cross and follow after me isn’t worthy of me. He who seeks his life will lose it; and he who loses his life for my sake will find it.”